24 December 2021

HAPPY HOLIDAYS and SEE YOU IN THE NEW YEAR!

The end of the calendar year is a time to celebrate or  time to pause and think about the past and what we want for our future as individuals and collectively.  I want to thank all the people who have been checking into this blog to see what's up. Perhaps one of your New Year's Resolutions is to start back up with your personal projects.  Perhaps you worked on your projects during Covid-19 shut downs or unemployment and have put the project aside. Whatever the case, there is probably no end to the possibility that your research will lead you into new directions or more documentation.  I sincerely hope ANCESTRY WORSHIP - GENEALOGY BLOGSPOT has helped you in that endeavor.

Christine

ANCESTRY  WORSHIP - GENEALOGY BLOGSPOT


18 December 2021

FAMILY HISTORY WRITING : QUESTIONS ABOUT HOW HOLIDAYS HAVE BEEN SPENT IN THE PAST COMPAIRED TO NOW

 A Jewish friend of mine long ago told me that her family always went out for Chinese food on Christmas. She said this was because the Chinese restaurants were the only ones open on Christmas.  Her family did not send or expect Holiday cards.

HOW DID YOUR FAMILY CELEBRATE CHRISTMAS EVE? CHRISTMAS?  NEW YEARS EVE?  NEW YEARS DAY? or HUNUKKAH (CHANUKAH) the Jewish Festival of Light?  Or perhaps you've established a KWANZAA celebration?

How did your great grandparents celebrate it?

Your grandparents?

Your parents?

Your family then?

Your family now?  

Some things to think about:

Was there a change in religion or philosophy that changed the way the holiday was celebrated or ignored?

How did having children who are now all grown up change the use of these holidays? For instance maybe your family used to stay home but now they go skiing.

Maybe your family uses these holidays for family reunions?

You used to send cards through the mail and now?

(Don't throw those cards with personal messages out!)

Did they decorate Christmas trees?  Perhaps switch one year to an artificial tree? Plant live ones?

Did they hang stockings - real socks - big or small? - or put out shoes?

What, if anything, did they tell you about Santa Claus?

At what age did you believe or not believe?

Is your family one to spend on gifts or do you just give token gifts?  Do children get individual gifts or does each person provide one gift for one person?

Do you open presents on Christmas Eve or Christmas morning?

What foods do you like to prepare for yourselves or guests?  Or do you go out to eat or order in a restaurant meal?

Do you include alcohol in your celebrations?

Did your school have crafts that were for sale for gift giving?

Where did people live? What was the climate during the holidays?  (Perhaps they lived south of the equator and the holidays were during the summer?)

This is the time to look through your archived cards, letters, and photos.

Happy Ones!


C Ancestry Worship - Genealogy BlogSpot







11 December 2021

DECEMBER IS DOWN TIME FOR GENEALOGY BUT UPTIME FOR COLLECTING FAMILY STORIES : ASK YOUR GRANDPARENTS

If you see the holidays as a time to visit or gather with family, it's the best time for collecting family stories, through interviewing or at least recording conversations with family members.

How I wish I had known to do this when I was very young and still had grandparents who were alive.

It took years of genealogy research to even know what questions I should have been asking.

These questions are to spark conversations.  There might be whole conversations on any of these topics.

Here are some questions YOU might ask your grandparents.

1) When you were a child, were your birthday's celebrated?

2) How many brothers or sisters did you have? What were their names and name them from oldest to youngest?  

3) Was there a brother or sister you felt especially close to?  Why?

4) How did you learn to cook?  Was the food you learned to cook from a particular culture?

5) Was there a favorite recipe or meal that your mother or father made that you liked when you were growing up.

6) What did your mother or father do to make money?  Did they talk to their children about their finances?

7) As a child did you have a sense that you were rich or poor?  How old were you when you had this realization?

8) Were your parents religious?  What church did they go to?  Did you attend church as a family?  Were there religious differences p0layed out in your home?

9) What school(s) did you go to?  What was your favorite subject(s)?

10) Did you have a favorite teacher or coach?  Why did you like them?

11) Did you have any nicknames as a child?  Did you like that name?

12) Did you work as a child?  For money?  (Did you babysit, deliver newspapers, or mow lawns for cash, for instance?)

13) What languages did your grandparents speak?  Were you raised speaking more than one language?  Did you go to school in a certain language?

14) What games did you play with other children or alone as a child?

15) Did you like to read as a child?  What subjects did you like to read about?  Did you have favorite books or magazines?

16) What games, if any, that were physical did you play as a child, on the school yard, or in the backyard or neighborhood?  (Did you play softball, kickball, tag, tennis, badminston, cricket, or some other game?)

17) Who was your best friend growing up?  Tell me about that person.

Asking your GRANDPARENTS questions about their childhood and upbringing may help you get a feel for the values and personalities of these people who are your GREAT GRANDPARENTS.  Today people are living much longer lifespans in general and more people are having the great-grandparent experience.  But many of us never get to meet them.

If your grandparents have moved on, ask your parents what they remember about their parents.  Sometimes the questions you ask spark the memories.  

C  Ancestry Worship Genealogy  2021


25 November 2021

HOW I WISH

 



Do you remember WISH BONES?  I can't remember a turkey wish bone but I do remember chicken. Whoever had it in their portion of the meal would discover it, announce it, have a person sitting near them take the other (greasy) end, they'd both make a wish, and somehow pull and break the bone.  Who ever got the bigger piece was supposed to have their wish granted.

Remember those who do not have this Thanksgiving! Please share!

16 November 2021

TALKING TO A MAN WHOSE FAMILY HAS ABANDONED HIM - NO ONE CELEBRATES HIS BIRTHDAY

One of the questions you might ask your parents or grandparents is "Was your birthday celebrated?"

Perhaps not.

It's not unusual for me to see death certificates that reflect that the maiden name of a woman is unknown by her child.  It's not unusual to see a variety of ages reported on documents, sometimes with such a wide range you question if it is the same person.  This makes me wonder if perhaps the person themselves did not know their birthdate.  (Be aware that on census, including the 1940, information could be taken from a neighbor or landlord or someone other than the family. Look at the bottom of the page for notes.)

Perhaps certain ethnicities, cultures, families, "never made a fuss."  If you aren't counting birthdays, how do you determine if someone is marriageable?  Don't apply today's standards about at what age a child leaves childhood behind.  Fourteen was not considered too young to marry in many places.)  In some places in Europe, people celebrated name days instead and name days often coordinated with the local parish's saints name calendar.  Imagine a day when everyone named Mary or John celebrated!***

Maybe there is a lot of pain involved though when a family chooses not to recognize a member on their special day.

I met a man whose family has abandoned him.  We were talking and he revealed it was his birthday.

He said that when relatives came into the city he lives in, they never contacted him.

He claimed he never celebrated his birthday anyway, but I could feel his pain.

What had he done, if anything, that he would be shunned?

Acknowledging the day a person was born is acknowledging their personhood.

Actually, he'd had some bad luck.  A car accident that left a hip fractured, a long period of healing, a question of disability and pain pills that were addictive. This scenario is repeated every day - someone who was vital and working forced to stop in order to heal.  Apparently his family is one that only appreciates and celebrates "human doings" and not human beings. They are generally quite wealthy but they are not sharing. No one took him in so he could heal. Now he's dependent on the government. He already knows he will not be able to return to work that's physical.  So he's studying to be an ESL teacher.

The reason I'm posting this is to make you aware, if you're not, that remembering a person's birthday is an important part of growing and keeping a relationship. 

C 2021 Ancestry Worship Genealogy

*** note added February 2 2021  In some countries they still do celebrate name days.

09 November 2021

LIFE IN 1921 BRITISH EMPIRE - SPANISH FLU PANDEMIC, MINERS STRIKES and A HEAT WAVE! SOUNDS FAMILIAR - 730,000 CHILDREN WITH FATHER DEAD

DAILY MAIL ONLINE : 1921 CENSUS GREAT BRITAIN - 100 YEARS OLD -  Masks, fuel crisis and a rising temperatures... sound familiar? 1921 census papers revealed today give glimpse of life 100 years ago when UK was in grips of Spanish flu pandemic, miners strikes and a heatwave 

This article by Kaya Terry and Henry Martin for Mail Online really brought that era to life.

Unlike the United States which releases census and other data after 70 years, in Great Britain (Scotland, England, Wales, and some of Ireland) as well as Canada, the wait is 100 years...

EXCERPT:  The census is more detailed than any previous one taken, asking Britons about their place of work, employer and industry for the first time, along with whether they were in full-time or part-time education.

Unlike earlier surveys, respondents could select 'Divorced' as an option for marital status, and in a stark reminder of the Impact of the First World War, the census also asked whether children were orphaned.

A staggering 730,000 children were recorded with FATHER DEAD compared with 260,000 with MOTHER DEAD

More than 16,6000 people identifying themselves as 'DIVORCED' revealing how the topic has become less taboo.

***

CAPITALIZATION is mine.

On the subject of orphans...

In Europe in the 19th century an ORPHAN was a FATHERLESS CHILD.  The idea that an orphan had lost BOTH parents is a more modern idea but can still be incorrect.  Since it was a rare woman who supported herself and a family, the death or a husband or wife was often responded to by another marriage for practical reasons.

Basically, a child who is an ORPHAN is lacking FINANCIAL SUPPORT by one or both parents and/or the parent(s) cannot nurture and raise a child for some reason.  Thus children in ORPHANAGES might still have one or both parents ALIVE somewhere.  Orphanages seem to have been replaced by foster care these days.

If you have an ancestor or relative in an ORPHANAGE, know that while many were put up for adoption others were not and thus someone was not agreeing to the child being adopted.  

Although an ORPHANAGE could be a small homey place, in general on census records they are called INSTITUTIONS, and thus the children in them are INMATES.

C Ancestry Worship - Genealogy Blogspot 


07 November 2021

1921 GREAT BRITAIN CENSUS - 38 MILLION PEOPLE IN ENGLAND AND WALES and SCOTLAND COUNTED

 This census is officially open and out of the privacy acts that effect release.  However, like other census the information will not be instantly digitalized and ready for viewing.  This site will keep you updated as you need to be.  It will be available on January 6. 2022 on FINDMYPAST.

1921 CENSUS ORG

Excerpt: This site concentrated on the 1921 Census for England, Wales, and Scotland, whcih was taken on the night of Sunday 19th June 1921.

However, there is information on other censuses which were taken the same year sinc an attempt was made to take a census as far as possible THROUGHOUT THE EMPIRE, for example in Australia, Canada, India, New Zealand and South Africa.

This site concentrates on the 1921 Census for England, Wales and Scotland which was taken on the night of Sunday 19th June 1921.

However there is information on other censuses which were taken the same year since an attempt was made to take a census as far as possible throughout the Empire, for example in Australia, Canada, India, New Zealand and South Africa.

There is also more on the census that should have been taken but wasn't, the 1921 Census of Ireland.

If you are interested in other United Kingdom censuses from 1881 through to 1931 as well as the information gathered in 1939 for the National Identity Card, there are more details on our sister site 1911census.org.uk.

03 November 2021

WHAT WAS MINIMUM WAGE WHEN YOUR ANCESTOR WAS BORN? INTRODUCED IN 1938 - MAYBE YOU HAVE A MINIMUM WAGE STORY?

U.S. Department of Labor - Minimum Wage History  (Check the state as well!)

Did you earn minimum wage at your first job?  I did and the employer, a chain "Five and Dime", was exploitive.  Management treated us like you know what.

It was apparently legal to not pay us for up to 10 (or maybe that was 14 minutes) after punch out, but woe to you if you didn't punch in on time. I'll never forget the time I forgot to wear my smock and got told off by the personnel manager. So night after night they kept us there working past what we would be paid.

There was no Christmas bonus or gift. Crushed candy canes were thrown on the table in the so called lounge - almost at us as if we were dogs. Many of us could not afford to buy a sandwich for our lunch.  I recall cashiering without breaks and with my lunch half hour delayed and delayed, almost feeling faint and eating a lot of candy at the register.

This was not my first or last exploitative punch clock type employer and it all made me want to have my own business. With no start up capital. 

Stories of your own our your parents and ancestor's employment can be part of your family history story.

Here are some questions you might ask:

What was your first paid job?  How much were you paid?  What did you do with the money?

How old were you?

Did you "have" to work?

Was working your idea or did your parent's insist?

I found the information on this page of interest.  All the talk of "high" wages for what used to be minimum wage work today makes it sound like you can afford to live as an independent person on minimum wage.  Certainly not in my area.  When about $36,000 a year qualifies you for discounts on your utilities as a low income worker, you know $16 an hour is not going to do it.

However, here in the United States we seem to be proud of our struggles. Sometimes a family manages to make it past the poverty barrier.  Sometimes it takes generations.




01 November 2021


 
Ancestry Worship - Genealogy

20 October 2021

DNA WAS CONSIDERED IN FIGHT OVER PRINGLE OF STICHILL BARONETTE

DAILY MAIL : QUEEN DEMANDS DNA TEST TO DETERMINE BARONET TITLE by Martin Beckford 

I tripped across this old article about the fight over a Baronet Title. Excerpt:  Her Majesty personally ordered Lord Neuberger, Britain's most senior judge, and seix other justices of the Supreme Court to rule on a bitter family dispute over who is the rightful heir to an ancient baronetcy.

The feud was unexpectedly sparked by an innocent family tree project involving a distinguished lineage dating back to the 13th Century.


SO WHO WON?


BBC - PRINGLE OF STICHILL BARONETTE


16 October 2021

FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT BASICS : IS WHAT YOU SEEK PUBLICALLY AVAILABLE THROUGH ANOTHER GOVERNMENT AGENCY

FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT GOV

Yes the word is agencies...ALL at ONCE...

EXCERPT: Agencies proactively post a wealth of information on their websites and in their FOIA Libraries.  Before making a FOIA request, you may wish to conduct a search of agencies websites to see what is already publicly available online.  


11 October 2021

INDIGENOUS PEOPLE DAY / COLUMBUS DAY

Officially now Indigenous Peoples Day * in the United States of America, not everyone is going to forget this was the day that Christopher Columbus was celebrated as the discoverer of America.  These days there's an awareness of possibilities that the land mass across the Atlantic was discovered or visited by other seafaring people as well. This morning as I did an internet search there were many posts such as "is the post office open on Columbus Day" as evidence of this.

If you use the search feature on this blog, or click on the tag below "Christopher Columbus" you will find other posts including a review of a documentary film I saw that was very convincing.  A film by the History Channel called WHO REALLY DISCOVERED AMERICA is quite interesting.

An article from SMITHSONIAN MAGAZINE Smithsonian Magazine blog : Focus on Indigenous People and Conservation

09 October 2021

HIGH SCHOOL DROP OUTS - MISSING CHILDREN

With so much emphasis on education today, we'll, it would be nice if you could use it! You may find yourself with a PhD and a life of debt while driving Uber or Lyft around your college town. Or maybe you've encountered a Master's Degree snob among your friends, as I have; one of my friends achieved a Master's in Marketing as the first college graduate in her family and has a superiority complex as a result but her second career as a realtor is so so. Doctor's wives with community connections and less education seem to be the competition.

One man I used to know who told me I needed an MBA, back when I had completed an Associate Degree and had to go to work, married himself an MBA and has been on the sofa with the dog a long time.

There was a time when college graduation did almost guarantee a good career start and income. Now, especially due to Covid, we're in a Topsy-Turvy world.

I currently know of a commercial photographer who is working as a school crossing guard, a pastry chef who is delivering Amazon packages, and a woman who completed a vet assistant program who feels lucky to still have her waitress job.

I can testify that libraries that opened are fairly vacant, making me wonder if there will be any need for replacing librarians who retire. Reference desk librarians don't feel like looking things up when patrons can use the internet themself.

Don't get me wrong. I love to read, love to learn, and I think there are reasons for education besides being career ready, but I think we need to start thinking about apprenticeships and being self taught and having "side hustles." 

What does this have to do with a lack of what I call formal education among your ancestors? Not so long ago only the rich educated their children - their male children mostly. Heirs were educated even though they didn't have to work.

Student Loans gave people like me a chance to have an education beyond high school.

I found an article about high school drop out rates in 20th century America. Not until the 1930's did most American teens find themselves imagining they could complete high school. During the Great Depression a little more than half of the teen population was in high school. In 1940 half graduated. World War II caused a dip in attendance.

Reading the 1940 census, you may notice children working part time to support a family or children missing. They may appear elsewhere as workers, such as live in servants, or in a boarding house full of laborers. There may also be children no longer in their family groups due to early marriage (14-17), hospitalization (TB institution), living with relatives (city children sent to live and work with farming relatives), and, of course, because they died. The CCCs (1933 -1942) was a work program for unemployed

I know that there were special programs for returning veterans to complete high school. Returning vets were respected.

Did not having an education prevent people from success in life? I know our times are different, but in general no. 

Here is an example from my extensive own tree. (This is not my direct line but a branch.)

Great Grandma. Europe agricultural region. No school. Orphan.

Grandma born U.S. rural mining community, family moved to large industrial city. 8th grade education. Poverty. Worked as nanny, then married high school graduate.

Mother. College Graduate. Married classmate. Worked for university whole life in administration. He built houses - own business. Two incomes. Accumulated wealth.

Their daughter. College. Married classmate. College. Year in Japan. No Masters or PhD. Video game design / IT. Great wealth.

Their son. College. In parents' business.

Heir apparent.

Of course, it doesn't always go this way.

But in 5 generations this branch went from abject poverty to respected wealth.

Perhaps the lesson is that it doesn't often happen quickly.

C 2021






01 October 2021


 
Ancestry Worship - Genealogy

22 September 2021

WHAT THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES HAS TO SAY ABOUT THE 1950 CENSUS


ARCHIVES GOV : 1950 CENSUS ON TRACK!   The good news is that while Covid had some impact National Archives workers had started working on this as soon as the 1940 was released and had already digitalized most all the images.

EXCERPT: While most of the digitalization was complete, the work of matching images to the correct enumeration districts had not started before the COVID-19 pandemic shut down the National Archives Building, where the work was supposed to be done.

All staff working with census data need special clearances because the information is restricted until the public release, and they need the ability to access the images that are stored on a secure server.  With employees working at home and the 2022 deadline looming the approach to this part of the project had to be completely reimaged in terms of a remote workforce.  Kluskens has also been working on preparing family historians for this release  Her long career at the National Archives means that she brings a wealth of experience and understanding to the records. She has been sharing that with an online audience through a 1950 census blog post series on HISTORY HUB.

Searching for HISTORY HUB and Kluskens I brought up some of her posts.  You can do this and likely there will be more to read.

HISTORY HUB and Kluskens as NATIONAL ARCHIVES SEARCH

C 2022 Ancestry Worship - Genealogy BlogSpot


18 September 2021

1950 CENSUS UPDATE - WHAT THE U.S. CENSUS BUREAU HAS TO SAY ABOUT COVERAGE - INCLUDES GUAM, AMERICAN SAMOA, PUERTO RICO, VIRGIN ISLANDS


APRIL 1 2022 is the official release date or the United States 1950 census. I know we are all just yearning for that day.  But because the numbers of people counted is tremendously more than the 1940 census, what really can we expect?

Here is what the official U.S. Census page has to say:

CENSUS GOV - UNITED STATES CENSUS BUREAU - INCLUDED INFO ON PAST CENSUS

EXCERPT: The 1950 census encompassed the continental United States, the territories of Alaska and Hawaii, American Samoa, the Canal Zone, Guam, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands of the United States, and some of the smaller island territories.

Americans aboard were enumerated for the first time in 1950...

A new survey on residential financing...



11 September 2021

RAISING and LOSING, MY REMARKABLE TEENAGE MOTHER : ANCESTRY WORSHIP GENEALOGY BOOK REVIEW

 

This memoir by Stacey Aaronson, born Stacey Hill, is about a life that many have lived, being the child of a teenager mother who had a brief relationship with their birth father and a marriage to give the child a name.  It moves through the years quickly.  Stacey moved around a lot, between her birth parents, and spent long years not living with her mother, who went through many relationships and marriages.  What I wasn't expecting was that her mother herself had been adopted and that was a mystery.

Stacey is given to mystical powers such as second site and believes that she chose this mother before she was born and had a vision of her mother's birth mother as a child.  But she also feels it was up to her to raise her mother. Since eventually her mother's birth mother was found, this is not a case of Stacey being born again to do that.

In 1990 her mom got the NONIDENTIFYING INFORMATION about her own mother who gave birth to her in the Long Beach, California area in 1952.  That information is given fully in the book and I was surprised at how much information it was. I could imagine putting that all up on an adoption registry.

It turns out that teenage pregnancies among adoptees is common and the theory presented is that this is so the teenager can have someone in their life of their own genetics.  This theory is floated but not detailed.

The book does not say how the person who was hired to get the information unsealing the adoption proceeded, and I did wonder.  Upon the first phone call the birth mother completely denied it.  It took three phone calls.  So, now here is the disappointment.  For the next eighteen years Stacey's mother and her mother's birth mother sent cards and had telephone calls. They developed a relationship slowly but never met in person. Never. There was always a sense that this birth mother was withholding information and herself. It's said that she was a little bit Cherokee.

Stacey was not born Jewish. She discovered and was drawn to Judaism and converted.  She changed her name to Aaronson as part of her acceptance of a Jewish life.  She belongs to liberal Jewish congregations that accept women as Rabbis and accept lesbians.  Her partner is someone she met on the internet and had a long distance friendship with and it took a while for the friends to realize their soul connection and that it was not a "cyber illusion." Also, though she did have a relationship with a man who she was attracted to when she was young, she ended an engagement with another man who she was not attracted to. She realized she's lesbian and has had a long term relationship with a partner. Her mother instantly and fully accepted this. 

In 2016, after her birth mother had died, Stacey's mother got herself a DNA heritage kit and learned that the birth mother had lied on her NONIDENTIFYING INFORMATION....

Her birth father was not part Cherokee, he was Jewish.  And while that could have been a misunderstanding, she also lied about how many siblings she had.  The mystery is therefore one that will go unsolved forever. Not a lot is said about this woman other than that Stacey had been right in her vision of her as a toddler.  She was red haired and a lot like the actress Audrey Meadows.

The voice of this book is young and enthusiastic but it does get into the gritty details of her mother's death.  Somehow I did not get how it is that Stacey raised her mom.


C 2021 Ancestry Worship - Genealogy BlogSpot





04 September 2021

RECLAIM THE RECORDS - I LOVE IT!

RECLAIM THE RECORDS 

EXCERPT:  We're RECLAIM THE RECORDS, a new not-for-profit activist group of genealogists, historians, researches and open government advocates.  We identify important genealogical record sets that ought to be in the PUBLIC DOMAIN but which are being wrongly restricted by government archive, libraries, and agencies. We file FREEDOM OF INFORATION and OPEN DATA request to get that public data released back to the public. And if the government doesn't comply, we take them to court.

I love this - I'm fine with it - so long as the privacy rights of individuals is respected.

17 August 2021

WORLD WAR II BRIDES IMMIGRATED TO CANADA - A HISTORY OF IMMIGRATION POLICY

PIER 21/IMMIGRATION WORLD WAR II BRIDES CANADA  A detailed article that might help you.

EXCERPT:  Before the Canadian government amended its immigration policy to provide a humanitarian response to the European displaced person and political refugee crisis, it focus its attention on the resettlement of soldier's dependents.  The resettlement of war brides and their children from 1942 to 1948 marked the first time that the federal government provided a "home to home: service.

EXCERPT: According to the Department of National Defense (DND) approximately 48,000 marriage with 22,000 childbirths were known to have occurred between 1942-1946.  In all, 44,886 (93%) of these unions involved British women, followed by 1,886 (4 percent) with Dutch women, while 649 (1 percent) were with Belgian women.  These marriages were not limited to the British Isles or northwest Europe and included 362 marriages with women of other nationalities (see Table 1).  Approximately 97 percent of all births resulting from these marriages were born to British women.


14 August 2021

QUEEN MARY AS A TRANSPORT SHIP FOR WAR BRIDES

WASHINGTON POST THE BRIDES OF WAR  This article written by Pat Broeske from the 1985 was easy to link to without having to have a subscription and was creatively written. It was focused on a recent reunion of War Brides (women who married American soldiers during World War II - often English women) at the time.

EXCERPT: In addition to its 72 wartime voyages, the Queen Mary made 13 war bride trips -- during which time its decks were covered from bow to stern with diapers hung out to dry.  As more than one war bride was to remind, "They didn't have the disposable diapers then."

EXCERPT: "And a lot of amazing memories," said Bill Meade.  There were tears in his eyes as he added, "It was such a different world then, it's almost impossible to describe it to someone who wasn't there, but when they finally turned the lights on in the cities again it was like being reborn.  So much had happened.  A lot of us thought we were never going to make it home again.  Out buddies had died.  But war or no war, you can't stop people from falling in love."


11 August 2021

QUEEN MARY STEAMSHIP : TOURIST ATTRACTION IN LONG BEACH CALIFORNIA

I toured the Queen Mary years ago one time when I was in Long Beach. 

LONG BEACH PRESS TELEGRAM - QUEEN MARY BACK TO LONG BEACH OWNERSHIP

On this link there are a number of articles about the Queen Mary Controversy. Others I've read have suggested that it would cost about 23 million to do things like repair a rusty hull. I know some people are outraged because they think money like that should go to those people who are suffering. But I hear the money will be in place and I suppose one of the things that conservation and repair do is provide jobs.

II recently asked a woman who tells me she used to have a concession on the Queen Mary if there were ghosts. She said she had never seen one but there were reports where people felt as if someone was pulling the sheets off them as they slept and "a lot of people checked out." Yee! Perhaps a repair will have to include some mediumship?




07 August 2021

LOST LINERS ! THE TITANIC - THE BRITANNIC - THE LUSITANIA - THE EMPRESS OF IRELAND - ANDREA DORIA - MORE

PBS LOST LINERS 


Book by Dr. Robert D. Ballard : "Bob" is the man who found the Titanic.

The video covers four of the disasters but other ships are included in the book.

I found the full video on YouTube recently and watched it. From 2000, I'm sure there is better technology to locate sunken ship exploration today, but it's still worth watching. There's historical footage - film and photos - as well as testimonials of witnesses and the descendants of passengers. 

Because of the infamy of the Titanic disaster, most people don't know there were many other steamships that sunk. 

The Lusitania was sunk by a torpedo aimed at it by a German U Boat, another explosion followed which might have been ammunition for the war : the official word was that the war supplies it carried were not ammunition or explosives but the 2nd explosion is not understood to this day.  It was in sight of land yet all happened too suddenly for efficient rescue.

When the Empress of Ireland, a Canadian disaster, sunk, more people lost their lives than had due to the Titanic. This ship had crossed the ocean many times.  Passengers were assured there was.  it all took 14 minutes and many quickly died drowned in the dark in their bunks. Only 357 survived.

So many people who wanted to start over their life who instead ended their lives.  Ships become graves and are corpses themselves.

01 August 2021

 Ancestry Worship Genealogy BlogSpot

29 July 2021

RAILS TO TRAILS ORG DEVELOPING ROUTES FOR BIKERS AND RUNNERS FROM WASHINGTON STATE THROUGH WASHINGTON D.C.

RAILS TO TRAILS ORG  is doing some exciting projects to create a bike path across several states called THE GREAT AMERICAN RAIL TRAIL - Washington DC to Washington State - all off street - 3700 miles!




This site is fabulous.  You can search for trails by state and will get a full description of the route.

27 July 2021

THE GREAT RIDE : A 335 MILE BIKE TRAIL ALONG AN OLD CANAL PATH - FROM WASHINGTON D.C. TO PITTSBURGH

 

YOU CAN WATCH THIS FILM FROM THE WEB/ YOUR LOCAL PBS STATION
or an alternative such as YouTube

I had no idea that there ever was a canal system that went from Washington D.C. area to the Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania area, so this film was a surprise to me. Bikers from all over the world do some or all of this ride which connects two "towpaths.  One is the C and O Canal Towpath that goes from D.C. to Cumberland Maryland, and the other is The Great Allegheny Passage, which takes the riders into Pittsburgh.  The ride includes encounters with three rivers including the Casselman, Youghiogheny, and the Monongahela. The Allegheny Mountains have over a hundred species of trees and wild flowers. Riders go through much Colonial History territory, cross the Mason-Dixon Line, and wind through beautiful scenery - mountains and rapids.  They can stop to rest, sleep over, or eat in many a small town.

A towpath is the path aside the canal, which holds water and the boat, from which, be it by humans. horses, or vehicles, the boat is towed - when needed.

The history of the canal is that it was used by boats to move products before the railroads and trains took over.  Then it was forgotten. However, it was once vital to shipping and so along it lived many a "lock keeper." Since the Great Ride trail opened and bikers from all over the world are giving it their best, businesses in small towns have become more vibrant.

Some parts of The Great Ride are fairly level and not difficult, other's more rugged. 
You'll go from Harper's Ferry to Canal National Historic Park to Potomac River falls into Cumberland, Maryland, eventually reaching Ohio Pyle, West Newton, and into the city of Pittsburgh and Point State Park.

The Great Ride happened because

14 July 2021

DESCENDENTS LIVING TODAY OF LEONARDO DA VINCI IDENTIFIED THROUGH RESEARCH

NBC NEWS DA VINCI DESCENDENTS IDENTIFIED !  by  Denice Chow

Excerpt: Vezzosi and Sabato scoured historical documents to identify the living relatives through an unbroken male line from da Vinci's father, Ser Piero, and half brother Domenico.  The living descendants range in age from 1 year old to 85 years old....


....  Very basically, this is a traditional research that may lead to genetic and DNA studies based on the Y (male line) chromosome. 


08 July 2021

SUMMER

Summer is here and the Covid-19 closures are slowly opening up. 

In my area the city library opened June 1st with limited hours and is closed weekends.  It's clear that in the future there may be no need for a library at all, that is providing you have a home computer that is kept up to date. Luckily there are some good genealogy and history oriented databases loaded for library users.

Fourth of July was riotous but not as bad as last year when it came to illegal fireworks being shot off in my neighborhood.  My dog still shook and she peed the bed...

I have yet to step food in a shopping mall.  I still very rarely order anything over the internet and have never ordered from Amazon. I used my stimulus checks for necessities.

I'm not checking the news as often as I was during shut down.  I'm not listening to PBS news hour, my favorite, every evening any more.

My local coffee house was always open, the owner and staff all anti-vaxers, but I started going to it and sitting outside in the sun with my dog.  Don't know if I will do this for long, but having conversations with strangers is allowing me to be my more social self. 

My friends tell me they are totally frustrated with trying to get in contact with governmental offices such as Social Security.

It's been a month since I sent a e-message to the National Archives with a questions.  No answer yet.

No response from Italy for my client who wants her Italian citizenship.

I'm eating less and walking a little more and have actually lost a couple Covid-19 shutdown pounds... My pants aren't so tight!

The beach is crowded and the traffic to the beach is worse.

A July 5th picnic I attended which is held my a friend's union was crowded and absolutely no one but the food service were wearing masks.  I had a burger and got that "I can't believe I ate the whole thing" feeling.

My local charity thrift store has stopped taking donations... too many people have cleaned out their closets!


01 July 2021

 

Ancestry Worship Genealogy BlogSpot

12 June 2021

RIDING THE RAILS : ANCESTRY WORSHIP GENEALOGY FILM REVIEW



I used YouTube to listen to a reading and talk author Errol Lincoln Uys gave after publishing this book and selections from the PBS documentary and was so impressed, especially because I've never realized that about 350,000 youth under the age of 18 were riding the rails in the 1930's Great Depression here in the United States.

The youth tended to be displaced or runaways, girls too, some orphans, about 10 percent out for an adventure. Hunger was a fact of life.

Do you know the difference between a tramp, a hobo, and a bum?

A bum lives a transient life style not wanting to work. A hobo wants to work, be it an odd job for a meal or following crops. A tramp is a traveler who may not be rich but has means.

I was impressed at the way the author proceeded. A small add brought in thousands of letters, communication with about 500 began, and then 20 ex riders of the rails in youth were filmed giving testimonials. Their stories are supported with historical film footage.

The film also TR reveals there were African-American travelers but the life was worse for them. It also brings up child labor st a time when there were no government benefits. 

I recommend this film to those if you who have Great Depression ancestors, would like to learn more about the economic history of the United States, and all of you who are interested in or experiencing homelessness. 

Back in the day youth experienced danger catching trains and staying in encampments, including going missing and sexual harassment and prostitution. 

Think about it.

C 2021 Ancestry Worship Genealogy BlogSpot


09 June 2021

ELIZABETHEN ERA MAP OF LONDON FOUND

DAILY MAIL LONDON  I hate the pop up ads on Daily Mail UK but this article about Elizabethan Era London.  A handmade 16th century map includes walls made by the Romans and there are lots of Interactives.

Not much chance you'll find your ancestor's house but genealogists are always interested in maps. They can tell us much about the environment a person lived in.  London had about 200.000 residents at the time this was made.  Also shown are the present day versions of the same areas. 

05 June 2021

LIFE TO AFTERLIFE : MOM CAN YOU HEAR ME HELPING PARENTS HEAL ORG




Craig is the interviewer, a good and patient listener who talks with 17 parents who have lost their children. These parents come from a variety of religious and spiritual points of view and their children died in a variety of ways and ages, from a horrific car accident that was a parent's fault to an addict's heroin overdose. Perhaps the most profound loss a loving parent can have, it's natural and part of the process of acceptance to want to communicate with the child who has left the body and life on earth. 

A few known psychic mediums make appearances giving their notions of the spirit world. Book authors make appearances too. It's the testimonials of the parents that is most important.
Perhaps these children knew or their parents knew they wouldn't be long on this earth. The young ones may have been enlightened beings. Some were kid peacekeepers, the type who stood protectively against bullies. They were Old Souls. Sensitive. Empathic. 

Some of the reported communication includes parents seeing balls of light, ghosts, having dream visitations, or feeling a hug from far away.

Despite most of these parents having anger over the loss of a child, according to James Van Praagh, one of the most known mediums today, in the spirit world they know what's going to happen and when and absolutely every one of us, upon death, is met by someone to help with our transition.

I know some people are afraid of mystical things and may be of different religious beliefs. However, this film is one of several to consider by Inspirter Films. I realize some of them will seem "way out" to some people while being of possible comfort to others.

 C 2021 Ancestry Worship Genealogy BlogSpot Film Review


03 June 2021

BRITAIN AND A TRANSGENDER INCLUSIVE 2021 CENSUS

Transgenderism is at issue in Great Britain when it comes to census taking. In the last several months the issue of asking a person if their gender is currently what it was at their birth is quite controversial.  After reading through the development of the questions I chose this article for you to read:

ONS GOV UK CENSUS

There have been court actions which have furthered the discussion and I am not sure that the discussion has ended.  The very sensitive issue does come down to choice.  A person may consider themselves to be transgender but wanting to officially out themselves on a government document is something to think about.

Census' exist for statistic making, generally thought to understand populations when it comes to representation in government as well as funding for various purposes.

Frankly, having witnessed how many people want to dodge census takers in the United States and in recent times, I'd say trust that information is confidential is not so good.

01 June 2021

ANCESTRY WORSHIP GENEALOGY BLOGSPOT

29 May 2021

I REVIEWED THE WORK OF A PRO SALT LAKE GENEALOGIST AND WAS ANGERED

It's not uncommon for the work of one genealogist to be handed over to another. Recently a report, granted compiled in 2003, was handed over to me. It was compiled by a "certified" genealogist from a company that was lodged in Salt Lake City. (I will not comment on if it is still there.) The presentation of the research was rather professional for 2003, a booklet like the kind you can get from a photocopy company with plastic claw binding, nice logo and official looking. The report kept noting "sessions" as in "previous research sessions." Never the less, any information previously handed over to the client and repeated in this one should have shown documentation.

The client had paid for more information on their Irish Catholic ancestor who had come to the US about 20 years prior to the Famine and with an expertise. The report went forward with documents of his children BUT THAT WAS NOT THE PROBLEM. The problem was a family mystery. He had gone to Hawaii and disappeared. There was no further communication from him other than a letter from him stating that he had made it, or so the story went. I asked to see the letter and read it aloud to the client. It was clear that there had been an estrangement as he says he has not heard from anyone in a long time as if he's been cut off, he suggests he will return if that's what's best wanted. In a long PS he suggests maybe his wife and family might want to move to Hawaii.

The date of the letter cannot suggest when he left or even how long it took to be recieved. 

My research showed that it could take six months or more each way to get a letter from New York to San Francisco. A year or more could have gone by.

Of course I cannot know how many times this pro communicated with the client and what was said but I started to feel angry that so much time had been wasted. 

There were photocopies of books read seeking some mention of mystery man's, name and in the business he was supposed to partake in. Since he was not supposed to be an owner, I saw this as a debatable pursuit.

Had he died? When? Did he forget his wife and children and marry another women? Had he gone and failed, perhaps because Protestant missionaries were busy in Hawaii and he was Catholic and was not allowed into the ship captain, missionary, sugar business cabal? Maybe he died of disease or fell off another boat. Or he had to find the work of a common laborer  - with Chinese - and had not a cent to get back home. Then there was the mail which could take months - had he sent another letter that was never recieved? Had she replied?

When had he died and where?

I'm reminded of a person I knew years before who was illegitimate. Her mother told her to tell people her daddy had been killed in the war circa 1948. I wondered if the whole Hawaii thing had been a deal circa 1848 between a couple who couldn't divorce!

This report I was reviewing was a culmination of various "sessions" over many pre database years. It was clear to me this genealogist was hinting at more books he could read but had failed to find the mystery man on records. This can happen despite extreme efforts. But where was evidence that a proper search had been made?

And if someone wanted to disappear mid 1800s it was a lot easier than today. The long sail trips around the Cape Horn - the spirit of adventure - he could've written a letter and had a shipmate friend mail it from Hawaii. 

But one fact hit me. The widowed wife of an immigrant was able to send a son to college and law school. How was that afforded? How did a woman with children who never remarried in the pre Civil War days in a town in a smallish North Eastern town keep going? Had one or both of them come to America from Ireland with a fortune?

Further she bought land in her own name about 1846. This any feminist genealogist will tell you is a clue. A couple years before the date on the letter. Did she come with money of her own?

And one had to have land there and then in New York to become a citizen.

Immediately I suspected she knew her husband was gone for good though the letter that supposedly stated he had "made it" to Hawaii was 1848. I reread the letter.

Was it possible that her husband never came back to her but did prosper to send money for years? Had there been a quiet divorce? The potential for court records and land purchase had been unexplored.

The report repeated the family story, perhaps a mythology. There is no documentation for the story.

There is no name of a ship. No departure date. No manifest. No citizenship. No church records.

The thing that most struck me is that if it was not at the Latter Day Saint's Family History library in Salt Lake, it was as if that resource did not exist. 

Therefore, after an hour of research with five pages of my notes in hand, I asked the client to give me all previous research sessions.

A much fatter report from 2002 began with evidence of trying the Hawaii State Archives and University of Hawaii to report on their collections and some of these collections held potential but there was no evidence that any of them had actually been examined by anyone, stating he'd have to go to Hawaii to look. No - that's when you're supposed to actually contact an archivist there for guidance or pay them! Same thing about Irish archives.

Irish genealogy can be problematic due to a repetition of common names. I've had to tell a client there were 16 men with the same name coming over the same year - there was more that could be done - but he didn't want me to look for naturalization that would give me the town because he didn't want to pay more.

Years into this professional's research there was a note of a naturalization in New York but no copy of it. Perhaps it would state where he was born in Ireland. Yet in 2003 the pro was still ? On the place and date of birth.

I was researching at and through LDS Family History Centers at least as far back to 2000. Why had he not looked at/ for the naturalization? Indexes are meant to help us get to originals.

There is no evidence of a search for wills. Or confirmation of the land purchase of land.

I started to feel angry. 

Imagine when I got to the middle of a pile of reports and noticed a different genealogist working for the same company had started this same research problem in the 1980s and had actually done, despite more obstacles, more and better research. Still, no documentation.

*****

Believing undocumented family stories is a genealogy myopia.

*****

It's ethical for a pro genealogist to say they gave hit into a brick wall and can go no further with what's available. 

It's another to not look at appropriate available records just because they are not at an LDS or other research library.

*****

My recommendations are for the descendant who inherited these reports to go forward with Hawaii State Archives, the Catholic diocese of Honolulu, and the Catholic diocese in the US, as well as land purchase and naturalization for the woman who reportedly never knew what happened to her husband. If court records are not in existence, II would still approach historical societies and reach out to libraries local to the questions 

It's good to know history and read books about Hawaii developing but not realistic to find mention of a worker who was not an owner or executive in these authored and edited books. However, details about the island. Catholic Missions, and Sugar might enrich the story, such as telling what the island was like when the ancestor wrote his letter.

I would learn more about how someone might get to Hawaii from the East Coast. Based on Catholic and Irish heritage it's my notion the port of Boston would've been used.

C 2021

22 May 2021

MARRIAGE RECORDS; POLAND GENEALOGY #4

I hope if you have not yet, you'll read the  previous posts of this series.

Without reading headings, it's obvious you're looking at a church record for births, marriages and deaths. Indexing projects seem to focus on births. While this is helpful, it's not the start of research for some. So it's my hope that marriage indexes will be next, be it the Polish Genealogy society people busy indexing at GENETEKA or the Latter Day Saint's FAMILYSEARCH projects.

You'll probably be able to make out the names, ages, parents of the couple, and so on.
If a surname seems unreadable or questionable, try running a Google search for the surname as you think it's spelled. Often a suggestion will come up that's the correct spelling and if not then my guess is that if you keep reading you will find it spelled clearly in better handwriting elsewhere in the book.

Some things to consider:

The given name in Latin has a Polish equivalent. Watch the Ls turn into Ws. The Ws into Vs. Valentius is Valentine is Walenty.  (Wally, Wallace, or Val in America?) Is your Aunt Betty not Elizabeth but Bronteslava? (Bronte?) So much is in Latin but consider the translation of given names.

Next, if a person has been widowed it will be noted and it may say who they were married to previously and that's before the name of the parents and grandparents! This is terrific if you can find the birth/ baptismal too, the previous marriage, all the children and step children.

Ok you're maybe going to see three dates, say, 1/4, 1/11, 1/18. Or I, II, III. These are the banns of marriages, the announcement of the intended marriage. Today these are posted in church bulletins and even end up on the net. Soap Operas / Day Time dramas love to include into the plot that during the very marriage ceremony someone will object to the marriage. But the original idea was to cause a person with an objection to come forward to the priest before the ceremony to cancel it. Objections in the 19th century and past could include knowing someone is already married or that someone is homosexual, or that they are a criminal on the run, or that an agreement about who will live where or own land has not been peacefully decided. 

My research leads me to think remarriage was a pragmatic contract but there were more concerns too as I have found records where there's no mention of banns when it's two never- married individuals joining their lives but only on the remarriage of those widows and widowers! 

Now, there are often notes that need to be translated as well. I believe one priest was writing in 2 or 3 after "widower" to state the person lost two or three previous wives. Also, I've seen notes that banns were posted in two villages. Maybe they were stuck on a door of a church but since few could read and write, I think verbal announcements were made.

Another note on marriage records is a house number. Possibly if you can find a cadastral map of the habituation from the same year you can see where they lived but these don't usually relate to today's house numbers.

Testifiers or witnesses may or may not be related to the couple. Note them but sometimes they are elders of the community, employers/ farm owners (implying the groom has employment), and you'll see two, or three, or four, all or mostly men. In villages where surnames are repetitive be especially careful not to assume the testimonial people are related. Don't think of them as best men, maids of honor, or the wedding party. 

Also valuable are those records that include where the person was born and where they live/habituate at the time. If no remark is made, the person is local, a part of the parish. That may mean a neighboring village which is part of that parish. If they're from somewhere else you'll go to those records for baptismal.

I've noticed some listings that give the birth dates of bride and groom. Thank You!

Remember, priests were hard working, had influence, were called upon for advice, were able to read and write, and church was central to the people's lives.

But farmers and farm laborers couldn't always make it to church. They didn't have tractors back in the day and had to hoe, plant, water, and harvest by hand or might be lucky to have horses or mules.

Professions may also be listed but more by industry. Agriculture is general and covers a wide range of possibilities.

Cobbler. Military. Official.

D. may indicate a person is of nobility - implied is of importance. Note the Germanic names in the Austrian Empire.

Notes can include statements. One I read was "person is low" a servent. Another was "this man is rustic." 

So what was a peasant? Actually peasant is supposed to mean that they lived a countrified existence; that was most people. Peasant started to infer that a person was ignorant or poor, perhaps maintaining folk beliefs, and became a put down. There's no reason to think that way. Landless people who could not live off their own land became like our migrant farm workers, going from farm to farm to work odd jobs or harvest. Others went into trades and became skilled craftsman and artisans. There were traveling salesman and shop keepers and some few became more educated. 

See if a statistical almanac or gazetteer is available for the habituation. Learn about mines, forestry, and industry. Oil wells, steel mills, and market towns.

Finally, note the name of the priest and try to find the name of the church.

There's a lot on line, especially the beautiful churches that tourists go to see with Baroque interiors. The wooden churches of the Greek Catholics are also wonderful.
Once you've found s marriage, see what the church where the marriage was performed looked like.

C 2021 Ancestry Worship Genealogy BlogSpot


 

18 May 2021

EAST GREEK OR WEST ROMAN CATHOLIC AND ETHNICITY : POLAND GENEALOGY


Earlier I mentioned that you might think a person to be Polish but discover a person had a Ruthenian, Ukrainian, or other ethnic identity. You may also discover in your search for archival documents that there are religious records and duplicates called "city" or "town" records - Civil Records. You may notice the start date on these is about 1860 - compliance was not immediate. What happened is that Priests were told to make duplicates of parish records of births, marriages, and deaths to be submitted to government so then these second sets got called Civil. It's a good thing because two handwritten copies meant more survived. However, I've noticed the year dates are not always the same between church and civil as if some records were lost. You may have to look at both.

I recently had an experience that made me question previous research that went to a date I was seeking for a baptismal. Not finding it, I decided to read every page of marriages, taking notes by hand. And there I found a selection of dates out of order. However, sometimes the civil copies are more readable since an effort was being made to copy.

Some collections are clearly from Roman Catholic parishes and others are clearly Greek Catholic. Also called Eastern Orthodox, in archives and databases I see "Greek." Generally there was an implied ethnic difference in religion. Ruthenians tended to be Greek Catholics or Uniates (accepting the Roman Catholic Pope but following their own rituals, saints, and calendar). They also tended to be living closer to the Carpathian Mountains or where the eastern part of Poland was, about where Ukraine is now.***

But take the following into consideration:

Ruthenians had three sub-ethnic groups or tribes within their ethnicity. The most familiar to us today are the Lemko and if you're looking at records for Village up close to mountains or mountain passes. they are probably Lemko.***

Then, the Ruthenian people had their own language but back in the day when few people went to school - girls were often not sent at all even when their family had means - just about everyone was multilingual, especially because these were Slavic languages and had many similarities, they could understand each other. (German would be the most popular language after the Slavic.) In market and trade towns very many languages were spoken. Some documents are in Latin, German, or French. Or Ukrainian, which is the only one I panic about due to Cyrillic alphabet.

Last but not least, there were marriages between people of different faiths. And it's not clearly recorded. I suspect priests might have felt that if a person was being baptized, married, or buried in their church then that's enough to claim them. I've seen one note in a Roman Catholic record that says "This man comes from Ruthenian lands."

So here are some clues which may help.

The first is the given name of a child. Children are often named after a saint because of the day they were born that honored that saint or thereabouts - so you'll see a lot of girls who are baptized in a Franciscan run Roman Catholic church named Rose/Rosalia after Italian Saint Rose of Viterbo in early September. There isn't much diversity of names or honorifics of parents or family in Polish records. Children chose a Confirmation name that might honor a parent. (And use that as a middle name.)

When you get to names such as Basilius, Anastasia, Demeter and Tatiana you're probably looking at a child who has a Greek Catholic heritage, at least one parent because that name honors an Eastern saint. I've found these names in Roman Catholic records. They don't just sound Greek. They sound Russian.

Second, you'll find certain settlements had substantial populations and separate churches but others required travel.  It might be easier to just go into the closest church. 

Or, home births with family or midwives being the common way, a baptism could occur after birth and people might not make it into church, staying up in the mountains.

Third, you may find you do have to move over to Greek Catholic records and into records of other countries so it's worth checking into in any case if a village that figures into your heritage had a Greek Catholic Church. 

Interesting to me is that Polish Roman and Greek Catholic records and Jewish records record the name of the midwife which I feel is part of a testimonial such as, "I know who the mother is. I delivered the baby." Midwives did baptized babies after birth. (Anyone can.) Notice any pattern on day born and day baptized ? The same day might mean baptized at birth.

A question of the Ruthenian ethnic identity has existed for hundreds of years, a controversial subject for sure. They are considered to be of the country from where they lived. (i.e. Russia, Poland, Hungary, Rumania....)

But if you know someone who is Ruthenian, ask them how they wish to be identified.

Here is the last but sometimes most important thing. There may be a ten to twelve day difference in the dates from the Eastern, Julian calendar that was the old calendar begun by Julius Caesar and used until 1582 throughout Europe and the Gregorian, begun by Pope Gregory used by most of Roman Catholic Europe. So basically if you're reading records of the Eastern Orthodox or Greek Catholic Church, read the dates forward and back of the date you're targeting.  (Many of you are familiar with the difference in when Christmas is celebrated.

***
So, the three groups of Ruthenians are the Lemko, who are usually found in Ukraine,  Poland, and Slovakia. The Hutsels, usually found in Ukraine, Romania, and Bukovina. And the Boykos, usually found in the mountains of Ukraine, Slovakia and Hungary. Ruthenians are also called Carpatho- Rusyns, Kiev Rus, Eastern Slavs, Uniates, Belarusians, and mostly Ukrainian...


If you learn you're Ruthenian or are simply intrigued to know there's an ethnic group you never heard of, you may find the nation's first cultural center in the Pittsburgh area.

They bought Saint John the Baptist cathedral.